Edit Document

Data is Null. This method or property cannot be called on Null values.

ID #

Type

Title

Created By

Created At

Author(s)

Keywords

Subject

Document

The whirlwind of women travelling alone around the world Airlines are reporting an increase in solo female travel. Hotels are registering exclusive floors for female executives and travel agencies for seniors say that 85% of those travelling alone are women.

This is the web version of Americanas, the EL PAÍS América newsletter that addresses news and ideas with a gender perspective. If you want to subscribe, you can do so at this link.
Do you remember, when you were at school, what the playground was like? Do you remember where the girls and where the boys were? Probably, the boys occupied the central space of the courts, while the girls were more on the margins, a bit cornered, dodging balls and roughness. How and what spaces can be inhabited seems to be something that society teaches women from a young age; not in vain, conquering the public sphere with confidence, being able to go out on the street alone has been one of the great female struggles. In this search to broaden the limits that constrain what a woman can or cannot do, there has historically been a place that has been revealed to them as distant, impossible, unsafe, far from their economic possibilities and, above all, dominated by the masculine: the space of travel. For centuries, men who traveled under the romantic label of the adventurer, rarely came across any female travelers in the 18th and 19th centuries. The few who did, ran the risk of having “their reputation diminished and that being a sign of a lack of modesty,” as Indian professor Sonia Khan recalls in her academic article on female travel, where she also points out that despite traveling alone in their carriages, women were not really alone: ??they were part of the elite and in so far they had a retinue of male assistants at their mercy. Travel, according to Marivel Mendoza, a professor and expert in tourism at the State University of Mexico, began to become popular among women after the 1970s and, in Mexico, almost a decade later. But despite being an activity that was always presented as far from the possibilities of women, the most recent data shows that women are traveling alone more than ever in history.
By 2010, the Harvard Business Review already warned that the number of women traveling alone had increased by 230%. Solo travel was very popular among Europeans and North Americans, but over the years, this trend has also reached Latin women. According to data from the airline Latam, in 2023, of the more than 31 million trips made by women in the group's network of destinations, the majority (51%) did so alone.
“It seems that one of the many ways in which women have been exercising their recent financial and social autonomy during the last decades is through travel. Thanks to tourism research, it was already known that women are the main decision-makers regarding family vacations, but women are also becoming active subjects in their consumption of other types of trips,” says Professor Mendoza in the research carried out with other colleagues published in the Pasos magazine, ‘Women who travel alone, the experience of Mexican tourists’.
In this research, we sought to recognize precisely what are the experiences of women who travel alone in Mexico. “We reviewed studies from other parts of the world, mainly Canadian, English, and Japanese women, and we found that practically nothing was being written about this in Latin America. We wanted to know how Latina women experience it and we found 20 women on social networks and websites whom we interviewed. The sample is not representative, but it is indicative that, in Mexico, these women who set out to travel alone have high educational levels, economic independence, awareness of their rights and the conditions that they as women can claim,” explains the academic.
According to the literature collected for the research, the main reasons that encourage women to buy a plane ticket and go on a trip by themselves are: “The need to get out of their comfort zone to develop a sense of autonomy and individuality and to test themselves. Many women found that traveling alone increased their independence, as they learned to manage their own vicissitudes and be in charge of their own destiny, knowing that they could only rely on themselves.”



A trend only for digital nomads?
You might think that this explosion of solo female travelers is nothing more than a phenomenon accentuated by the pandemic and the proliferation of digital nomads traveling the world, making millions of other women fantasize about living and working on a beach. But the reality is that the trend remains almost as strong when it comes to older women. “There are many more women traveling alone than men among older adults,” says Road Scholar, the world leader in educational travel for older adults. In its study published on November 15, 2023, it claims that 85% of its solo travelers are women. The reasons for this trend are very diverse: almost half of women over 65 in the US are unaccompanied, there are many more widowed women than widowed men, and the divorce rate is higher among older Americans.
“In our interviews we have the case of an elderly woman, very independent, very brave, who we asked why she did not travel with her children and she told us: “I prefer to go alone, when I go with them I have to go at the family pace, when I go alone I can make my decisions. I try to stay in all-inclusive hotels so that I do not have to go out much and have relative security,” says Professor Mendoza.
The expert assures that, at least in Mexico, the search for security is an identifiable pattern: “They travel alone, but taking care of themselves, they try not to go out at night, not to go to remote places, we even find pages with recommendations on ways to dress, not to give evidence of being a tourist, and support networks. Women are encouraged, but taking precautions. There is a kind of geography of fear, the use that women make of the tourist space is still governed by a patriarchal system of fear, social control and judgment on appropriate female travel behavior,” she says.
Another segment where the increase in women traveling alone around the world can be seen is in business trips. “The increase in women traveling alone in Latin America for work is increasingly evident among Marriott group hotels,” explains Úrsula Gutiérrez, director of operations for the chain’s premium brands for Latin America. “On many occasions, they ask us to reserve an entire floor exclusively for women due to the high demand for executives. The public traveling for work was previously 95% men, but that has changed to a proportion of 60% men to 40% women and continues to grow. We see more executive women traveling alone or even traveling with their son and a nanny,” says Gutiérrez, who assures that in places like Lima, Peru, other segments that have grown exponentially in hotels are trips among friends and 15th birthday celebrations that change a dazzling party for a trip. For blogger Shelley Marmor, creator of the blog Travel Mexico Solo, the reason why thousands of women like her are taking more and more risks, despite constant warnings and persuasions to travel alone, is because of the achievements that are made by inhabiting the territory of travel. “Traveling brings you a deep sense of power and agency, it gives you the feeling of ‘I did it!’ because people assume that you can’t do it. One of those things that you have to break down when you decide to do it is the perception that being alone as a woman is negative or risky.” Professor Maribel agrees: “After the trip, they arrive confident and sure of what they are capable of achieving and doing. Just as other studies suggested, we were able to identify a certain level of empowerment after these trips, a strengthening of confidence, to the point that there is a recurrence. Women see that they can, that they are capable, so they continue traveling.”



'The problem is not traveling, it's being a woman': solo travelers associate violence with machismo
After the murder of Julieta Hernández, women speak of the widespread fear they feel, whether at home or traveling
Caroline Oliveira
Translation: Isabela Gaia

Brasil de Fato | São Paulo (SP, Brazil) | January 17, 2024 at 08:57

Marina Ribeiro, 28, from Itaobim, Minas Gerais, has been travelling alone in Brazil for two years. On one of her trips, she was approached by a man on a beach in Salvador, Bahia, who started saying obscene things to her. On another occasion, inside the car of a driver from an app, she was aggressively questioned for travelling alone, despite being with two friends.
These situations are not different from those experienced by Lanna Sanches, 30, who is frequently asked – by men – why she travels alone, even though she is accompanied by other women. "I was travelling with a friend, but everyone asked me if we were travelling alone. Because, even in the company of another person, the lack of a male element in the equation meant that we were 'alone'," she explains.
Sanches, who is the creator of the platform "Elas Viajam Sozinhas" (They Travel Alone), began traveling alone in 2017 and says that fear is a constant in her trips. As the stories in this report show, this feeling is not new in the routine of women who decide to travel alone. In fact, it is intrinsic to being a woman in a sexist society.
"The fear I have is the fear I had in São Paulo, it is the fear that was already present in me, in my routine before traveling alone. It was not something new. It is a different fear, because I was in an unknown place. It is not a fear that I did not know, because I already experienced it in my day to day and in my life," she says.


 


Among the strategies to feel safer, Lanna shares her location with friends and family, tells strangers that she is accompanied by a man, and records audios to pretend that someone is waiting for her. The strategies do not differ from those adopted when she lived in São Paulo. "These are tricks that I used in the city even before traveling. Being a woman has its dangers. Being a woman and traveling alone also has its dangers," she says.
Camille Carboni, a 26-year-old from São Paulo who has been traveling alone since 2018, adopts the same behavior. "Feeling afraid before traveling alone as a woman is almost obligatory. The world is not a very fun place to be a woman. It is impossible not to be afraid. I don't remember any trip in which I have not felt a little bit of fear and insecurity, because we have examples in our daily lives that show that it is very dangerous," says Carboni.
The journalist mentions the death of the Venezuelan Julieta Hernández, 38, who was traveling through Brazil by bicycle spreading her art. She was heading back to her home country when she disappeared on December 23 in the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, 117 kilometres north of Manaus, in Amazonas. Her next stop would be Rorainópolis, in the state of Roraima.
On the first Saturday of the year, the police found Julieta's body in a forest. She had been raped, murdered and burned by a couple who confessed to the crime. According to Valdinei Silva, commissioner of the 37th Police Station in Presidente Figueiredo, the body was already "in an advanced state of decomposition".
Marina Ribeiro, Lanna Sanches and Camille Carboni have never suffered physical violence, but they have been stalked and verbally harassed. "It's sad to say it, but it's the kind of thing you get used to. We often have to deal with concrete situations with men who end up insisting too much," she laments.
"The main problem we have to deal with is not even the fact of travelling alone in the country, but that of being a woman. We know that Brazil is a very violent and dangerous country for women. Whether we travel alone, with friends, with family or at home, on the way to work, on the subway, inside shops, we end up running the same risks," says Carboni.
Along the same lines, Marina Cruz, a 31-year-old from São Paulo, says that women "have a target on their backs for the simple fact of being women." "There is no country that is not sexist, regardless of the GDP, regardless of the geographical location of the country, sexism is a global culture that comes from long before religion, politics or the media. It is as if patriarchy houses the pillars that build a society," says the journalist.
Cruz has been travelling since 2015 and has been travelling around the world for four years. Of the six women interviewed for this report, Marina Cruz was the one who suffered the most serious violence. She was kidnapped, threatened with death and rape, and had her belongings stolen in La Paz, Bolivia.

"I don't think there is any context, place or time in which a woman doesn't feel at risk. Even if we're not aware of it, we always have this programming that the world is dangerous for us, whether we travel or not," she says.
Travelling alone as a backpacker since 2011, Ester Paixão Corrêa, 38, from the community of Tatuaia, 133 kilometres from Belém, in Pará, says that fear "will always be present".
"There is no way to escape it. But I think it's an important question to put this notion of danger into perspective. And then ask ourselves if we are also safe at home. We look at the statistics and we see that we are not safe anywhere, because we can also be killed, raped by a partner, a husband, a neighbour, an uncle, a father. It is also not possible to focus the narrative of the trip only on risk," she says.
Author of the doctoral thesis "Mulheres na estrada: encuentros etnográficos nas rotas da América do Sul" (Women on the road: Ethnographic encounters on the routes of South America), in Social Anthropology from the University of Rio Grande do Norte, Corrêa collects experiences of women who travel with backpacks.
In her research, Corrêa points out "vulnerability, fear of violence and sexual abuse as one of the particular characteristics of being a woman who does mobile fieldwork, who travels through South America."
"On the road, we always face doses and overdoses of machismo and violence, the same ones we have learned to deal with daily in our lives lived in the big South American cities. (...) Women travelers have to deal with specific violence in public spaces, with sexual harassment on the bus, with other spatial practices, with paying attention to departure and arrival times, facing that dark street that shows the limits of cities and places."
In the book "Em busca do Norte: Viajante sem grana" (In Search of the North: A Traveler Without Money), Manoela Ramos, 30, writes that she could not find specific data on femicides on the road. She explains that there is no relevant data, especially when compared to femicides in intimate relationships, and that marriage can be as dangerous as traveling.
"As for the dangers of femicides and violence against women, if we stop to analyze, there are recurrent cases of domestic violence. That is, they occur within the home, in marital relationships, dating relationships or even strange cases of uncles, friends of parents, stepfathers or even the father himself," says Ramos in the book. In statements to Brasil de Fato, Ramos reiterated her perception that "harassment on the road is the same as harassment in the bank queue, in the market, at work every day."
Other cases of murdered female travelers
Julieta was not the first traveler raped and murdered in Brazil. She is unlikely to be the last. Also in December last year, 31-year-old Argentinian Florencia Aranguren was stabbed to death on a path on José Gonçalves beach, in Armação dos Búzios, in the Rio de Janeiro Lakes region. Before being murdered, she was also robbed and raped.

In July 2020, 21-year-old student Julia Rosenberg was strangled to death on Paúba beach in the city of São Sebastião, on the north coast of São Paulo. She was walking alone towards the city of Maresias. She was found with a rope around her neck and a scarf inside her mouth.
In 2017, British canoeist Emma Kelty, 43, was murdered in Coari, 363 kilometres from Manaus, Amazonas. The British woman was attacked by river "pirates" while camping on a beach. Before being killed, like Julieta Hernández, Kelty was robbed and raped. She was shot and her body dumped in the Solimões River.
Female company does not seem to guarantee protection from violence. It is enough to be a woman. In 2016, Argentines Marina Menegazzo, 21, and Maria José Coni, 22, were murdered in the resort of Montañita, Ecuador. Both were robbed and raped before being beaten and stabbed to death.
In 2003, teenagers Tarsila Gusmão and Maria Eduarda Dourado were murdered in a sugarcane field in the Camela district, also in Ipojuca, near Recife, in the state of Pernambuco. The investigation showed that Tarsila's body had three gunshot wounds, two in the head and one in the hand. Her bikini and dress were also torn from her body. Maria Eduarda was shot in the forehead and jaw, probably after being raped, once her shorts were pulled down to her legs. After 20 years, the case remains unsolved.
Data
According to 2019 data from the Women Danger Index ranking, Brazil is the second most dangerous place in the world for women traveling alone, second only to South Africa. The study considers and compares statistics on femicides, harassment, security and services. In another study, conducted by Money Transfer in 2023, Brazil appears as the third most dangerous destination, behind South Africa and Peru.
According to the Ministry of Human Rights and Citizenship, there is no study on the number of femicides against women traveling alone in the country, only on femicides in general.
In Brazil, female femicides and homicides increased by 2.6% in the first half of last year compared to the same period in 2022. In the same comparison, rapes and rapes of vulnerable people increased by 16.3%, according to data from the Violence Against Women and Girls report, prepared by the Brazilian Public Security Forum (FBSP).

 
In total, 722 women were victims of femicide in the first half of 2023. In the previous year, there were 704 murders. As for rapes, there were 34,428 cases. This means a girl or woman raped every 8 minutes, the highest number in the series that began in 2019.
Public power

Brasil de Fato asked the federal government if there is any public policy in favor of the safety of women traveling alone. In a statement, the Ministry of Tourism suggested seeking information from the startup Sisterwave, which develops work focused on female tourism.

In September last year, Marcelo Freixo, president of the Brazilian Agency for International Tourism Promotion (Embratur), began discussing ways to improve the tourist experience of women traveling alone in Brazil.
"Women traveling alone are welcome in our country. Ensuring a good experience for these tourists is a priority for Embratur. We want women from all over the world to feel safe getting to know the Brazil of sustainability and democracy, and that it is also a safe country for women traveling alone," Freixo said in a meeting with an agency dedicated to women's travel.
The report also asked the Ministry of Women about public policies to benefit the safety of women traveling alone. So far, there has been no response. The space remains open for the ministry's statement.


Solo female travelers share their tips
These readers reveal their strategies for making friends, staying safe, and discovering local culture when traveling alone.

When I tell people I travel alone, that's the most common response. While it's a well-meaning comment, it irritates me that people still think a woman who sets out on a solo trip is going to feel isolated or intimidated. In an ideal world, solo female travelers wouldn't be rebellious or brave, but rather opting for personal preference. In fact, when I travel alone, my senses seem to be more attuned to my surroundings, from the people I meet (or stay away from) to the streets I walk on (or avoid).

Still, when we asked our readers and social communities what they'd learned from their solo travels, more than half of women responded with tips for avoiding harm. While 26 percent of millennial women have traveled alone, it's a reality that women of all ages face some vulnerabilities when they travel. Like many of my friends, I take self-defense classes to keep my mind at ease. Yes, we're taught to kick or elbow in the groin in class, but we're also taught to avoid dangerous situations.

But as I read the stories shared by the women, what struck me most was their excitement for adventure and overcoming fear. Reader Rita Pearson summed it up best: “Safety first. And second, get going!”

From more than a thousand responses, we've collected powerful, wise, and uplifting words.

Safety First
If you're traveling alone, you'll have to cover your own back, so to speak. Elena Burnett, who has spent years hiking and photographing remote parts of national parks like Mesa Verde or the Great Sand Dunes, does a lot of preparation to stay safe. “Buying a topographical map is one of the first things I do before I travel. It lets me know the trails and points of interest,” she says. She also recommends being prepared for changes in weather and bringing water and a first aid kit.

Tip: If you're traveling on a backcountry trail or in an area with no coverage, a satellite GPS lets you stay in touch with friends and family and call if you need help. Burnett relies on her Garmin inReach. She also recommends wilderness first aid training with NOLS (National Outdoor Leadership School).

Knowing When to Seek Help
Traveling solo doesn't mean you have to be completely alone. Many tour operators cater to the interests of women seeking individual experiences with the help of naturalists or local guides. On a Botswana safari with At Close Quarters, a photography tour specialist, reader Rachelle Aikens was surrounded by wildlife and photography experts, allowing her to take better photos and discover the region.

Tip: Go on a women-only tour, as you'll likely be joined by like-minded travelers and potential friends. Wild Women Expeditions offers adventure trips like Patagonia and Egypt; Damesly organizes creative tours and retreats in destinations like Colorado and Istanbul.

Be open to meeting people
When you're not spending your day chatting and discussing with your companions which restaurant to stop at next, you'll be forced to interact with locals and other travelers. This often results in new friendships. "Be the traveler you'd want to meet," recommends Aikens, whose open-minded attitude helped her make friends with another traveler while on safari in Botswana. The two women became such close friends that they now talk weekly and are planning a visit to the Arctic.

Tip: Most cities offer cheap or free walking tours, a great way to connect with like-minded visitors. You can also find local classes and events on Meetup or Airbnb experiences, or tours with a company like Enconunter Travel, which caters to singles. Tourlina helps women find travel companions, and Bumble BFF can also connect you with fellow adventurers. Still, use good judgment at all times and meet new people in public spaces.

Trust your gut
More than 40 responses to our question were from women who recommended developing stronger instincts and following them. As a solo backpacker, Burnett tries to stay calm and aware of her physical and mental limits. “Don’t hesitate or be afraid to stand up for yourself if you feel uncomfortable or threatened,” she says.

Tip: Read Amanda Ripley’s The Unthinkable: Who Survives When Disaster Strikes and Why, which explains tactics for taking quick action in potential emergency situations.

Learn to entertain yourself
Even if you meet people along the way, as a solo traveler you’ll be spending a lot of time alone. Have ways to pass the time (or spark creativity) on hand, like reader Nanci Mansfield, who found that a sketchbook and pen helped break the ice with a stranger in India. Mansfield was intrigued by a man and his mosque-like dwelling and asked if she could draw him. Though he was hesitant at first, she won him over. “It’s a story of acceptance,” she writes. “I entered as a stranger, but left to a chorus of goodbyes.”

Tip: Before you set off, consider a few things you’d like to do or try if you had more time. Drawing, taking photos or journaling can help you document your experience and fill your free time with hobbies you’d like to pursue instead of playing Candy Crush on your phone.

Choosing hostels over hotels
“I like to immerse myself in the places I visit, taking my time to live, breathe and absorb nature and traditions,” says reader Ginny Greenwood. In Rangoon, Burma, this led her to leave her hotel and stay at a hostel in search of company. Another guest introduced her to a guide who spoke some English. The guide took her on a motorbike to meet local artisans, including bronze makers, jade sculptors, bamboo weavers, embroiderers and puppet makers. Greenwood and her guide watched the sunset over the world’s longest teak bridge.

Tip: Staying in a hostel with other solo travelers can provide a sense of security and open the door to other interesting experiences. Hostel booking websites like Hosteling International and Hostelworld.com have reader-generated reviews that, while not foolproof, might give other female adventurers an idea of ??whether or not a hostel is worth choosing.

Relying on the kindness of strangers
It would be unwise to befriend every passing traveler, but solo travel proves how helpful and kind people around the world can be, regardless of the language barrier. When reader Vivienne Valles arrived in Turkey, she was helped by a very courteous local. “Coming out of the Istanbul metro, I wasn’t sure how to get to my hotel,” she says. A woman came to her rescue. “I don’t speak Turkish and she didn’t speak English, but she understood what I needed.” In the end, the woman drove Valles to the hotel.

Tip: Learn basic phrases in the local language or download Google Translate before you set off. A couple of words or a nice greeting can help you communicate. And in a pinch, drawings and gestures are also a big help.

Hearing great stories
When you’re alone, you’re more likely to connect with the little details of places and local culture. When visiting Japan, reader Salena Parker was mesmerized by the delicate construction and vermilion hue of the Great Torii of Miyajima, the massive 19th-century gate to the 13th-century Itsukushima Shrine (a UNESCO World Heritage site). The structures, located in the Seto Inland Sea near Hiroshima, commemorate the three sister deities. “My host told me that the gate is a bridge between the human world and the spirit world,” Parker explains. While many tourists find the site a perfect backdrop for an Instagram photo, she found the details deeper. “It’s a thriving part of world history,” she says. “It reminded me that there are stories to be discovered in women’s heritage.”

Tip: Staying in a home (or bed and breakfast) can bring you closer to the locals and their customs. Parker says hers was “a great cultural immersion and language learning experience.”

Kelly Barrett is a freelance journalist, yoga teacher, and former senior producer at National Geographic. She is currently exploring the landscapes of Tucson, Arizona. Follow her adventures on Instagram.


According to AI


1. Jovita Idár (Mexico-US): Although primarily known as a journalist and activist in the early 20th century, her legacy continues to inspire women today, especially in Mexico and the US. Idár broke gender barriers and fought for civil rights and education, showing that women could raise their voices and move around the world independently, both physically and intellectually.

2. Alejandra Andrade (Argentina): A travel blogger and content creator, Alejandra has gained popularity for showcasing Latin American destinations from a responsible and authentic perspective. Her focus on empowering women to travel solo and face challenges independently has been key to her influence in the travel community.

3. Gaby Castellanos (Venezuela-Spain): An entrepreneur and digital marketing pioneer, Gaby is also an avid traveler who has traveled to numerous countries. Through her social media presence, she inspires women across the hemisphere to travel alone and experience personal growth, highlighting the importance of independence.

4. Gabriela Rodríguez (Colombia): Writer, photographer, and travel lover, Gabriela Rodríguez has specialized in exploring unique places in Latin America. Her stories reflect the beauty of traveling alone, while promoting female empowerment through the freedom to explore new cultures and landscapes.

5. Eva zu Beck (Poland-Venezuela): One of the most recognized adventurers on social media, Eva has stood out for taking solo trips to remote destinations, such as the jungles of South America. Her content not only shows the challenges of traveling alone, but also the personal gratification that comes with exploring and connecting with local cultures.


According to AI

Here is a more detailed description of these six Colombian women who are famous for traveling solo, specifying the cities they are based in:

1. Tatiana Franco (@tatiianafranco)
Based in Medellín, Tatiana is a Colombian journalist and TV host who gained popularity on Instagram for her solo travels. Inspired by the freedom of exploring the world on her own, she shares her experiences in various destinations, showcasing both natural and urban settings. Her followers admire her courage and practical advice for women who want to travel solo.


2. Ana María Henao (@anamaria.henao)
Living in Bogotá, Ana María is known for her solo adventures to exotic and far-flung destinations. Her Instagram is filled with stunning images that capture the essence of the places she visits. Ana María has gained followers by promoting female empowerment through travel, encouraging women to overcome their fears and confidently explore the world.


3. Angie Téllez (@viajandoconangie)
Based in Cali, Angie is a travel influencer who has turned her passion for solo travel into a source of inspiration for many. She shares her cultural, culinary, and adventure experiences from various countries. Her authenticity and positive energy have made her a reference for women looking to travel on their own, offering safety tips and planning advice.


4. Lina Maestre (@patoneando)
Lina, originally from Barranquilla, is a travel blogger well-known for her focus on solo travel. She has traveled across multiple continents and uses her platform to tell inspiring stories about her encounters with different cultures. Lina is famous for conveying the excitement and freedom of solo travel and for providing detailed guides to other independent travelers.


5. Laura Londoño (@lapetiteboheme)
Based in Bogotá, Laura is a bohemian traveler who documents her solo experiences around the world. Her nomadic lifestyle and deep connection with nature have made her famous on Instagram. Her account reflects her love for breathtaking landscapes and authentic cultural experiences. Laura has built a community of followers who appreciate her spiritual and adventurous approach to life and travel.


6. Tamaris García (@tamgarcias)
From Medellín, Tamaris is known for her solo trips to natural and adventure destinations, both in Colombia and abroad. She has gained a loyal following thanks to her fearless spirit and ability to showcase the best of the natural landscapes she visits. Through her photos and stories, Tamaris invites her followers to appreciate the beauty of the world and find inspiration in the adventure of solo travel.

Notes

Draft

Status

Country

City

Placename

Cancel